Deprecated models

These models have been deprecated / discontinued, or are about to be, but remain available in SonoAnalyzer by selecting "Options" -> "Show deprecated models" from the menu or by loading a file saved from an earlier version. However it's recommended to use the replacement model where possible as this will probably include improvements, eg. better accuracy or additional options.

#3 Pro models

#3 analysis types were available for SonoAnalyzer Pro beta / release-candidate from version 1.5.0. The cylindrical types were deprecated in favour of the #4 models which include all the same functionality plus an optional internal "core" of a different material.

User-defined Sonotrode #3 (Pro FEA)

The outside profile definition is similar to the latest OE equivalent model ("#2") - an arbitrary user-defined profile defined by a series of diameters and lengths. Blend (fillet) radii may also be included to smooth the transition between sections, including the final (output) section, allowing a radiused or even fully-spherical tip profile..

An internal profile is also possible, defined in  a similar way. For less complex requirements a simple through hole may be specified at a fixed diameter, or the interior may be set as solid.

Dimensional ranges:
For each individual external section:
  Length 0 to 150mm
  Diameter 2.5 to 150mm
For each individual internal section:
  Length 0 to 150mm
  Diameter 0 to external diameter at that location
Blend radii (two external and two internal per model) 0 to 1000mm, subject to the blend fitting within the section lengths each side
Overall length 10 to 750mm (may be extended using multiple components)

This model has been designed to offer maximum flexibility to the expert user. However this also makes it possible for the user to specify impossible shapes, eg. internal diameter larger than external at some point. While the program will attempt to catch these problems and flag them, it's ultimately up to the user to view the shape on the 3D display and identify issues. The sectional view (selected automatically while defining hole properties) is very useful for this.

Stepped Sonotrode #3 (Pro FEA)

The outside profile definition is similar to the latest OE equivalent model ("#2") - comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes (corresponding to the input and output of the sonotrode) joined by a radiused step. Top and overall lengths are defined independently, or the top length can be set as a percentage of the total. The blend radius used for stress-relief on the internal corner is user-defined and may be larger than the step.

An internal profile is also possible, or for less complex requirements a simple through hole may be specified at a fixed diameter (as shown), or the interior may be set as solid.

Dimensional ranges:
Overall length from 2.5 to 300mm (may be extended using multiple components)
Top length from 1.25 to 200mm, subject to overall length
Input and output diameters 1 to 150mm
Blend radius 0 to 1000mm, subject to the blend fitting within the profile length
Internal section (simple hole or profiled) to be always within bounds of external shape

Exponential Sonotrode #3 (Pro FEA)

The outside profile definition is similar to the latest OE equivalent model ("#2") - comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes joined by an exponential curve. Input, output and overall lengths are defined independently, or the top length can be set as a percentage of the total.

An internal profile is also possible, including blind hole(s) (as shown) or for less complex requirements a simple through hole may be specified at a fixed diameter or the interior may be set as solid.

Dimensional ranges:
Overall length from 2.5 to 300mm (may be extended using multiple components)
Input length from 0 to 200mm, subject to overall length
Output length from 0 to 200mm, subject to overall length
Input and output diameters 1 to 150mm
Internal section (simple hole or profiled) to be always within bounds of external shape

Conical Sonotrode #3 (Pro FEA)

The outside profile definition is similar to the latest OE equivalent model ("#2") - comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes joined by a frusto-conical section. A new feature in this version is that a blend radius may also be defined on the internal corner, similar to the stepped designs. Input, output and overall lengths are defined independently, or the top length can be set as a percentage of the total.

An internal profile is also possible, including blind holes or varying diameters (as shown) or for less complex requirements a simple through hole may be specified at a fixed diameter or the interior may be set as solid.

Dimensional ranges:
Overall length from 2.5 to 300mm (may be extended using multiple components)
Input length from 0 to 200mm, subject to overall length
Output length from 0 to 200mm, subject to overall length
Input and output diameters 1 to 150mm
Blend radius 0 to 1000mm, subject to the blend fitting within the profile length
Internal section (simple hole or profiled) to be always within bounds of external shape

#2 OE models

User-defined profile cylindrical sonotrode #2 (Online FEA)

This update to the original user-defined sonotrode model uses the same arbitrary profile generator as the block horn above. The profile is defined by a series of diameters and lengths. Blend (fillet) radii may also be included to smooth the transition between sections, including the final (output) section, allowing a radiused or even fully-spherical tip profile.

Analysis method will be Finite Element Analysis only; the large number of inputs makes a database impractical for this one.

This model is new in version 1.3.0 (November 2012).

Dimensional ranges:
For each individual section:
  Length 0 to 100mm
  Diameter 5 to 80mm
Overall length 10 to 300mm
Blend radii (two per model) 0 to 1000mm, subject to the blend fitting within the section lengths each side

Some additional limitations enforce a smooth transition between sections.

From version 1.4.5 the new User-defined Hollow Sonotrode replaces this model and optionally includes an axial through hole.

Stepped Sonotrode #2 (Online FEA)

This is an update to the original axial-mode stepped sonotrode or booster comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes (corresponding to the input and output of the sonotrode) joined by a step in the middle. Different diameters of the two cylinders determine the amplitude ratio between input and output. Compared to the earlier models the main improvement is that the top and overall lengths are defined independently. The blend radius used for stress-relief on the internal corner is also now user-defined.

Enhanced dimensional ranges (#2 model):
Overall length from 10 to 300mm
Top length from 5 to 150mm
Input and output diameters 5 to 80mm
Blend radius 0 to 1000mm, subject to the blend fitting within the step

From version 1.5.0 the new Stepped Hollow Sonotrode replaces this model and optionally includes an axial through hole.

Conical Sonotrode (Online FEA)

Similar to the stepped sonotrode model but here a conical section is used to join the cylindrical input and output sections. Three lengths and two diameters define the shape.

Dimensional ranges:
Overall length from 12 to 300mm
Top and bottom lengths from 5 to 150mm, subject to overall length
Input and output diameters 5 to 80mm
 

From version 1.5.0 the new Conical Hollow Sonotrode replaces this model and optionally includes an axial through hole.

Exponential Sonotrode (Online FEA)

Using an exponential profile offers high gain without excessive stresses. A true exponential sonotrode would be curved along its entire length but here optional cylindrical sections are modelled at each end, which can make the design much more practically useful. Either or both of the end lengths can be set to zero to eliminate the cylindrical section(s). For a true exponential profile the axial-mode gain is equal to the diameter ratio.

Dimensional ranges:
Overall length from 10 to 300mm
Top and bottom lengths from 0 to 150mm, subject to overall length
Input and output diameters 5 to 80mm

From version 1.4.5 the new Exponential Hollow Sonotrode replaces this model and optionally includes an axial through hole.

Stepped Sonotrode (OE DB)

Axial-mode sonotrode or booster comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes (corresponding to the input and output of the sonotrode) joined by a step in the middle. Different diameters of the two cylinders determine the amplitude ratio between input and output. Where applicable, a small (fixed 3mm) radius is used for stress-relief on the internal corner.

Dimensional ranges
Length from 50 to 200mm
Input and output diameters have linked limits:
Average diameter up to approx 65mm
Diameter ratio up to 2.5:1

Ring (OE DB)

Radial-mode sonotrode in the shape of a simple hollow cylinder.

Dimensional ranges
Axial thickness (length) from 10 to 50mm
Inside and outside diameters have linked limits:
Inside diameter from 20mm upwards (with relatively small o.d)
Outside diameter up to 300mm (with relatively large i.d)

Fixed-end tube (OE DB)

Radial-mode sonotrode in the shape of a simple tube (hollow cylinder) fixed radially at both ends.

Dimensional ranges
Axial length from 50 to 100mm (length is not a significant variable - modes repeat along the length)
Wall thickness 2 to 10mm
Outside diameter 60 to 200mm
 

Stepped Sonotrode (OE)

Axial-mode sonotrode or booster comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes (corresponding to the input and output of the sonotrode) joined by a step in the middle. Different diameters of the two cylinders determine the amplitude ratio between input and output. Where applicable, a small (fixed 3mm) radius is used for stress-relief on the internal corner.

Dimensional ranges
Length from 50 to 200mm
Input and output diameters have linked limits:
Average diameter up to approx 65mm
Diameter ratio up to 2.5:1

This model was originally released for both database-backed and FEA analysis types but the FEA version is now deprecated in favour of the "#2" and from version 1.5.0 the Hollow stepped sonotrode.

Stepped Sonotrode plus (OE)

Axial-mode sonotrode or booster comprising two solid-cylindrical volumes (corresponding to the input and output of the sonotrode) joined by a step in the middle. Different diameters of the two cylinders determine the amplitude ratio between input and output. Where applicable, a small (fixed 3mm) radius is used for stress-relief on the internal corner.

Enhanced dimensional ranges ("plus" model):
Length from 25 to 500mm
Input and output diameters have linked limits:
Average diameter up to approx 100mm
Diameter ratio up to 4:1

This model is now deprecated in favour of the "#2" and from version 1.5.0 the Stepped Hollow sonotrode.

User-defined profile cylindrical sonotrode plus (OE)

This models a sonotrode that's circular in cross-section, all sections on the same axis, with an arbitrary profile defined by a series of diameters and lengths.

Analysis method will be Finite Element Analysis only; the large number of inputs makes a database impractical for this one.

This model has been available since version 0.9.6 and in "plus range" form since 0.9.7.

Enhanced dimensional ranges ("plus" model):
For each individual section:
Length 1 to 100mm
Diameter 4 to 200mm
Some additional limitations enforce a smooth transition between sections.

This model has now been deprecated in favour of the "#2" and from version 1.5.0 the User-defined Hollow sonotrode.